Abstract Marine spatial planning (MSP) has emerged as a tool to enable marine ecosystem-based management that seeks to balance human demands for ocean space with environmental protection.However, there is a history of thinking about our ocean systems as spaces, not places.As a result, most MSPs have been implemented without consideration of place.T
Ainhoa Arenaza,1 Raúl Diez,2 Jordi Esteve,3 Roberta Di Nicolantonio,4 Joana Gostkorzewicz,4 Carlos Martínez,5 Diana Martínez Llinàs,6 Joaquin Martinez-Lopez,7 Pau Montesinos,8 Aída Moure-Fernández,6 Jorge Sierra,9 Joan Lluís Vinent10 1Pharmacy Department, Clínico San Carlos Hospital, Madrid, S
Ecosystem service (ES) trade-offs arise from management choices made by humans, which can change the type, magnitude, and relative mix of services provided by ecosystems.Trade-offs occur when the provision of one ES is reduced as a consequence of increased use of another ES.In some cases, a trade-off may be an explicit choice; but in others, trade-